20个考研英语阅读重点词汇解析

考研英语作为一门重要考试科目，为了提高做题的效率，并且为自己拉分，因此单词和词汇的积累是十分重要的。其中阅读理解就是大家遇到的一个难题，那么小编在这里整理了20个在阅读理解中比较常见的词汇，希望可以帮助到大家。

1、authority 权威，当局

One authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.

一位权威人士说道，这些极其强大的精神事件不但可以约束，还可以有意识地进行控制。

2、equivalent 等价物

The digital credential would be a "voluntary trusted identity" system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key， a fingerprint and a photo ID card.

该数字证书可以成为一个"自愿受信身份"系统，从而成为物理密钥、指纹以及身份证的高科技等价物。

3、substitute 代替物

Devoted concertgoers reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance.

忠诚的音乐会爱好者回答道，唱片并不能`1代替现场表演。

4、transaction 交易

The individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with confidence.

个人和组织能够充满信任地完全在线交易。

5、mentality 心态

It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would eventually be a compulsory of Internet "driver's license" mentality.

该计划看来明显是一个最初的推断，最终将形成一种英特网强制性"驾驶执照"的心态。

6、executive 高级管理者

But Edward Dolman， the chief executive， says： "I'm pretty confident we're at the bottom."

但是首席执行官爱德华·多尔曼说道："我完全相信现在已经是在底部了。"

7、irony 讽刺

This episode crystallizes the irony that， although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations， they rarely talk at home.

该情节体现出一种讽刺，那就是，籍贯美国男性在公共场合比女性说话多，但在家里，他们很少说话。

8、preference 偏爱

The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out.

首先并且最重要的是消费者不断增长的对外出就餐的偏爱。

9、predominance 优势

Just as inevitably， the retreat from predominance proved painful.

不可避免的事，这种从优势地位退下来的感觉是痛苦的。

10、pattern 图案，模式

The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s.

政治科学家安德鲁·哈克在上世纪七十年代观察到这一模式。

11、infrastructure 基础设施

Big retailers could profitably apply their scale， existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges， logistics， and marketing intelligence.

大型零售商在管理产品类别、物流、以及营销智能化方面，可以应用其规模、已有基础设施和历经考验的技能，这是有利可图的。

12、revival 复活，复兴

Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote.

卡杜斯的批判性评论有机会复活吗?这看来很遥远。

13、corporation 公司

Corporations could use such approaches to introduce new routines.

公司应当采用这些方法来塑造新的惯例。

14、economy 经济，经济体

Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were， and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.

富裕国家不像过去那么依赖石油，因此对油价波动就不那么敏感。

15、juvenile青少年

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.

很多关于青少年违法原因的理论都把主要影响原因归于个人或社会。

16、qualification 资格

There is a principle that all citizens should meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy.

有一个原则，那就是所有公民应当符合年龄和识字能力方面的最低资格要求。

17、connotation 内涵

The word "amateur" does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and， in particular， may not fully share its values.

"业余爱好者"一词的确带有这样一种内涵，那就是，没有完全整合进科学界的人不会分享其价值观。

18、prosperity 繁荣

"The Heart of the Matter，" the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS)， deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.

"物质的核心"是美国艺术与科学研究院刚发表的一篇报告，这篇报告肯定了人文学科和社会科学对于美国自由民主的繁荣与安全的重要性，因此是值得表扬的。

19、intelligence 智力，智能

Jury duty was once limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence， education， and moral character.

陪审团的职责曾经仅限于那些具有卓越智力、教育背景和道德素养的人。

20、advocate 倡导(vt.) 倡导者(n.)

He advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.

他提倡思想自由和个人表达的自由。