2019年考研英语语法每日一练

1、He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. （2008年英语一翻译）

译文：他指出自己总是难以简洁明晰地表达自己的思想。但是达尔文认为或许正是因为语言表达上的这种困难，促使他对每句话进行长久认真的思考，从而发现自己在观察和推理中的错误，这反而使他具有了别人所不具备的优势。他也不认为自己具有像著名的赫黎胥一样敏锐的理解力和智慧。

解析：本句是由两个分句He points out和but he believes构成。that he always experienced much difficulty这个that引导的是宾语从句，做points out的宾语。介词短语in expressing himself clearly and concisely做后置定语，修饰difficulty。But连接并列分句，表转折。that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage这个that引导的宾语从句，做believes的宾语。of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence介词短语做后置宾语，修饰advantage。and thus enabling him to detect errors 其中and连接并列的动名词短语，作of的宾语。in reasoning and in his own observations其中and连接并列的介词短语做后置定语，修饰errors。

2、So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry.

译文：从某种意义上说，他的记忆力实在太差，导致他对一个日期或一行诗句的记忆从来不会超过若干天。

解析：本句是复合句。主句是倒装句，主语it代指上局中的his memory，系动词为was，表语为poor；副词so修饰形容词poor，介词短语in one sense做状语。That引导的结果状语从句，作为主句的结果状语；从句的主语是he，谓语是never could remember，宾语是or连接的并列名词短语：a single date or a line of poetry。介词短语for more than a few days作时间状语。本句的正常语序是In one sense, it was so poor that he never could remember a single date or a line of poetry for more than a few days.

3、Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.

译文：在生命中的最后一年，达尔文在写作中表达了这样一种观点：在过去的二三十年里，他的思想已经在两至三个方面发生了变化。

解析：本句是复合句。主句由“he（主语）+ expressed（谓语）+ the opinion（宾语）”构成。That引导的同位语从句，解释说明the opinion；该从句的主语是his mind，谓语had changed使用过去完成式；介词短语in two or three respects作状语；介词短语during the preceding twenty or thirty years作时间状语。现在分词短语Writing 作状语，修饰整个句子；介词短语in the last year of his life作Writing的时间状语。