考研英语阅读有问题的，快进来！

阅读解题，无非是确定题目在文章中的位置，然后定出解题范围（没有范围会乱看，错误几率会很高），再就是看清楚文章，和选项对比。如果选项有干扰项，如何能够准确的排除干扰项的问题。下面一个一个来说：

◢ 要做对题目，首先需要确定题目在文章中的位置，也就是定位。

今天先说能定位的题目。能定位的题目指的是可以从题干中划出定位词，然后带着定位词返回文章中找到文章中一个句子，和这个题干对应的题目。注意，是找到文章中的一句话，而不是几句话。要准确快速的找到这个句子，建议大家把题干中的句子成分当成定位词，而不是把题干中的单词当成定位词。原因在于，成分更加接近英语“形合”的本质，且被同义改写的几率会降低。因此，找出有实际意义的成分回文章定位。

◢ 定到位之后，做题的范围确定出来：就是定位句，往后最多看两句话，往前看一句话。英语二如果遇到很多的句子需要多看一句。大家一定要遵守这个范围，不要随意扩大，绝绝绝大多数题目都是在这个范围内出正确答案。

◢ 接着就在这个范围内开始解题，首先大家要注意的就是看清楚题目在问什么，然后观察这个范围内是否有直接回答这个问题，如果有，干净利索，选出答案就不要再这里多纠缠，做下一道题目。如果没有直接回答，那么，从定位本句开始，看句子，能看懂多少是多少，不要乱猜测（从概率上说，你猜错的几率要远远大于猜对的几率）。看完句子就分析，先查找哪个选项和刚刚看过的句子有关系，然后再分析这个选项和和这个句子是否说的一样，意思可以看懂最好，如果看不懂，就分析选项中和文章有关系的内容前后的修饰关系是否一致。一致就选，不一致就不选。如果这几个句子看完了，都选不出正确答案，那就分析哪一个选项和本文的中心一致。谁一致，谁就是正确答案。

◢ 下文拿一篇文章来说明上面的解题思路：

In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that “social epidemics” are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials, who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well connected. The idea is intuitively compelling, but it doesn’t explain how ideas actually spread.

The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested theory called the “two-step flow of communication”: Information flows from the media to the influentials and from them to everyone else. Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials, those selected people will do most of the work for them. The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain looks, brands, or neighborhoods. In many such cases, a cursory search for causes finds that some small group of people was wearing, promoting, or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid attention. Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people can drive trends.

In their recent work, however, some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed. In fact, they don’t seem to be required at all.

The researchers’ argument stems from a simple observation about social influence: With the exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey—whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence—even the most influential members of a population simply don’t interact with that many others. Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who, according to the two-step-flow theory, are supposed to drive social epidemics, by influencing their friends and colleagues directly. For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each ofthese people has little to do with the initial influential. If people in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant, for example, the cascade of change won’t propagate very far or affect many people.

Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence, the researchers studied thedynamics of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations, manipulating a number of variables relating to people’s ability to influence others and their tendency to be influenced. They found that the principal requirement for what is called “global cascades”—the widespread propagation of influence through networks—is the presence not of a few influentials but, rather, of a critical mass of easily influenced people.

31.By citing the book The Tipping Point, the author intends to __________.

[A] analyze the consequences of social epidemics

[B] discuss influentials’ function in spreading ideas

[C] exemplify people’s intuitive response to social epidemics

[D] describe the essential characteristics of influentials

32.The author suggests that the “two-step-flow theory”__________.

[A] serves as a solution to marketing problems

[B] has helped explain certain prevalent trends

[C] has won support from influentials

[D] requires solid evidence for its validity

33.What the researchers have observed recently shows that __________.

[A] the power of influence goes with social interactions

[B] interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media

[C] influentials have more channels to reach the public

[D] most celebrities enjoy wide media attention

34.The underlined phrase “these people” in Paragraph 4 refers to the ones who __________.

[A] stay outside the network of social influence

[B] have little contact with the source of influence

[C] are influenced and then influence others

[D] are influenced by the initial influential

35.What is the essential element in the dynamics of social influence?

[A] The eagerness to be accepted.

[B] The impulse to influence others.

[C] The readiness to be influenced.

[D] The inclination to rely on others.

第一题

[正确答案] B

[解题思路] 根据题干状语The Tipping Point 定位至文章第一段第一句。第一句通过引用书的例子指出少数有影响力的个人在很大程度上引领着社会潮流的传播。第二句指出，这听起来似乎很有说服力，但它并未解释潮流到底是如何传播的。由此引出下文：有影响力的人士在信息传播的作用，因此选项B正确。

[干扰排除] 选项A无中生有。首段第二句说该观点听起来凭直觉似乎令人信服，并不是说人们对社会潮流传播的直觉反应。因此，选项C错误。文中首段第一句的确提到社会中有影响力人士的基本特征，但这是为了引出对他们在信息传播中的作用的讨论。因此，选项D有失偏薄。

[核心词汇]epidemic流行潮流 exemplify举例说明 intuitive直觉的 essential紧要的compelling使服从

第二题

[正确答案] D

[解题思路] 根据题干从句主语 “two-step-flow theory”可定位至文章第二段第一句。本句提到，二级传播理论是一个听起来似乎合理、实际上未被完全证实的理论，这里暗示“二级传播理论”需要可靠的证据加以证实，因此选项D正确。

[干扰排除] 文章第二段第二句提到营销人员接受这一理论，但是并没有表现出作者赞同这一理论的作用，因此排除选项A。选项B对应第二段第三句。根据这句提到的“这个理论看起来……”，表达了作者不肯定的语气，选项B过于绝对，因此排除。选项C无中生有。

[核心词汇] solution解决 prevalent流行的 validity确实行 derive from从……而来embrace接受

第三题

[正确答案] A

[解题思路] 根据题干主语the researchers have observed定位至文章第四段第一句。本句指出除了一些名人外，大多数有影响力的人士一般很少与那么多其他的人交往，由此可知，影响力和社会交流是相辅相生的，因此选项A正确。

[干扰排除] 选项B利用第四段第一句中的interpersonal和media两个词汇，但是这句话并没有提及媒体与人际联系之间的关系，因此选项B错误。该句没有提到“应得有影响力人士的支持”，因此选项C排除。选项D无中生有。

[核心词汇]observe观察 go with同……保持一致 celebrity名人 stem from从……而来 exception例外

第四题

[正确答案] C

[解题思路] 题干中的these people出现在第四段第三句末尾。根据代词往前指代的特点，可以得到本句前半句的信息：每一个被影响的人必须影响他们身边的熟人，这些被影响的人反过来又去影响他们自己的熟人。因此，选项C表意正确。

[干扰排除] 根据上面的分析，选项A与原文矛盾。此处代词往前指代，而非往后指代，因此选项B错误。选项D对应第四段第三句中的each people so affected，这只是these people指代内容的一部分，属于断章取义，因此选项D错误。

[核心词汇] initial起初的 refer to指的是 affect影响 acquaintance熟人 in turn依次

第五题

[正确答案] C

[解题思路] 根据题干中的状语the dynamics of social influence定位至第五段第一句。该句指出研究者们通过计算机模拟来研究社会影响形成的动力，对人们影响他人的能力和受影响倾向这两类变量进行控制。由此可知，正确答案应该在选项B和C之间。第二句提到，要实现所谓的“全球传播”，关键不在少数有影响力的人，而是一大批易受影响的人群的存在。根据这里的信息，最终确定选项C正确。

[干扰排除]选项A、B和D与原文所述的关键因素无关，故排除。

[核心词汇] eagerness渴望 impulse冲动 inclination倾向 simulation模拟 manipulate控制

点击了解更多，免费领取考研资料